Intervention for the prevention of back pain in students of the training cycle of Higher Technician in Animation of Physical and Sports Activities

Silvia María San Miguel Navarro

A study has been carried out with a group of 18 students aged between 17 and 21 from the TAFAD training module (Physical Sports Animation Technician) in the Valencian Community. The study aims to determine the degree to which participation in an Individualized and Cooperative Healthy Physical Activity Program (PAFSIC) will influence the improvement of decision-making about the systematics used during the present practice of Sports Physical Activity, as well as in the acquisition of the pedagogical methodology required in the teaching environments of this area of ​​knowledge, a determining aspect of their future professional competence. A validated questionnaire of 31 items was administered to a sample of n=40 subjects (18 in the experimental group and 22 in the control group).

Based on the statistical analyzes carried out, information is extracted relating to the knowledge, beliefs and decisions relating to "health and the system used" by the sample in the practice of the Physical and Sports Activity carried out (factor 1 with 0.95 reliability ), "personal ergonomic habits" (factor 2 with 0,61 reliability), "perception of the healthy benefits of physical exercise" (factor 3 with 0,79 reliability) and data on the prevalence of disease in general and of the disease back in particular. The analysis of the results indicates that the implementation of an adequate physical-sports exercise system has a positive influence on the preservation of general health and specifically of back health, as well as on the development of other healthy behaviors related to ergonomics, avoiding stress, the search for healthy academic environments free of environmental pollution and attitudes related to injury prevention, in general, during daily sports practice, in addition to those related to the prevention of back injuries, in particular.

In particular, the importance of adequate stretching of the hamstring muscles (in length and shape)/safe strengthening of the abdominal muscles is highlighted as an essential combination to preserve vertebral health, without forgetting the importance of a differential treatment of the phasic and tonic muscles (lumbar, psoas iliac, erector spinae). An alternative way of stretching the hamstring muscles is proposed, easy to perform from a standing position and interesting to practice in academic environments, from a 3rd grade school level, the scientific effectiveness of which is not is checked Its improvement may be a future research proposal